Q meter is design for measuring the q factor of a coil and for measuring inductance, capacitance and resistance of an electric circuit at radio frequency. The meter is provided with a field to which entries can be made for this purpose ct or vt factor. Principles of hourly metering 2010 these instructions are a translation of the corresponding instructions in finnish. The amount of power the meter can request is limited to the values imposed by regular standards 2 3, in the case of the meter developed the maximum power consumption from the grid is 2 w per phase. The principle of working and construction of induction type meter is very simple. Feb 25, 20 the smart meter contains a microprocessor cw a wireless communication sim card, several sensors including rtc i. Coriolis mass flow meter working principle mass flow meters are the types of flow meters which are mainly employed in massrelated processes such as chemical reactions, heat transfer, etc. Specific speed is the speed required for delivery of unit flow against unit head. The coalescer also separates solid particle from the feed liquid, by rejection or entrapment in the coalescer element. Q meterrlc meter group members najeeb ullah naveed khan 2.
The oil and water layers leave the vessel via separateoutlets. The generator has centrifugal clutch due to which the generator supplied the constant for the insulation test. The measurement of slope factor gives an indication of the performance of the electrode system. Swirl meter the principle of operation of a swirl flowmeter is as follows.
Meter using the msp430afe2xx feng hou, percy yu metering applications abstract this application report describes the implementation of a singlephaseelectronic electricity meter using the texas instruments msp430afe2xx metering processors. Interferometry is a family of techniques in which waves, usually electromagnetic waves, are. With an appropriate instrument measurements may be made on threephase. A q meter is a piece of equipment used in the testing of radio frequency circuits. What is the basic working principle of tri vector meter answer sourav dutta this is a instrument, which measures kvah and also kva of maximum demand. Enterprises for more than 60 years, western enterprises has manufactured quality products that inspires confidence for all industrial applications. Therefore, the analogue signals are converted to digital by the circuit called adc analogue to digital converter. Various flow meter types and their working principle. The conventional mechanical energy meter is based on the phenomenon of magnetic induction.
Jul 25, 2018 energy meters are the basic part to measure the power consumption. An electric meter or energy meter is a device that measures the amount of electrical energy supplied to or produced by a residence, business or machine. Rotameters are a particular kind of flowmeter, based on the variable area principle. Implementation of a singlephase electronic watthour. A parallel measurement is used on the q meter see figure 2. This meter is able to perform current, voltage and power measurements in three phase supply systems. Implementation of a singlephase electronic watthour meter. Gas from the supply lines enters the ventilator via the gasinlet connections for oxygen and air 1,2. This will be converted into corresponding measurements in the display section. So, electronic type of threephase energy meter is explained below with its working principle. Before we introduce various types of power factor meters it is very essential to understand what are the needs of power factor meter.
It is difficult to measure the volume of gas because measured volumes are greatly affected by pressure and temperature. The fluid is then accelerated by a reduction in the. Mixing takes place in the tank 7 and is controlled by two valves 5,6. You will need to click on combine files into pdf top right to start a. The meter which is used for measuring the energy utilises by the electric load is known as the energy meter. The energy is the total power consumed and utilised by the load at a particular interval of time. See the currency pairs with the most significant price fluctuations the following graphs provide a simplified overview of recent price activity for different currency pairs and commodities. In any cases of ambiguity in interpretation, the finnishlanguage instructions shall be complied with. An aluminium disc is placed inside a magnetic core with two limbs. Also how does the working of clamp meter compare to that a current transformer any knowledge would be helpful. The sensors feed this information to the electronics unit, where it is processed and converted to a voltage proportional to mass flow rate. The architecture of lte network and working principle. This paper presents a single phase electrical energy meter based on a microcontroller from microchip technology inc. If you are creating a pdf file from a scanned document, it will be an ocr text.
This value does not correlate to an objective value of energy radiated or reflected, as different wavelengths within the visible spectrum are perceived with varying sensitivity by the. Explain the construction and working of a single phase induction type energy meter. Teammate ewp electronic working papers, teamcentral. Q meter we know that every inductor coil has a certain amount of resistance and the coil should have lowest possible resistance.
An electricity meter, electric meter, electrical meter, or energy meter is a device that measures the amount of electric energy consumed by a residence, a business, or an electrically power devive. The electromechanical induction meter operates by counting the revolutions of an aluminium disc which is made to rotate at a speed proportional to the power. Interferometers are widely used in science and industry for the measurement of. Also explain the factors that cause errors during a q factor measurement. By implementing the watthour meter, we can know how much amount of electrical energy is used by a consumer or a residence or an electrically powered device or a business. Watthour meter is in fact a measuring device which can evaluate and records the electrical power passing through a circuit in a certain time. Pdf a single phase microcontroller based energy meter. The flowing fluid engages the rotor causing it to rotate at an angular velocity proportional to the fluid flow rate. A mass flow meter, also known as an inertial flow meter is a device that. One carries a voltage coil so its flux is proportional to voltage, the second carries a current coil so its flux is proportional to current. The ratio of the inductive reactance to the effective resistance of the coil is called the quality factor or qfactor of the coil. Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement jcgm 100.
They can also control the rate of flow if they are equipped with a flow control valve. It has been largely replaced in professional laboratories by other types of impedance measuring device, though it is still in use among radio amateurs. Our quick disconnect sets, flashback arrestors, hose repair kits, cga fittings and adaptors are proven solutions. Types of energy meters and their working principles elprocus. The conventional method of electricity billing involves a person from the distribution unit reading the number of units of electricity consumed in the energy meter, conveying this information to the distribution unit and then preparing the bill according to the units consumed for a fixed amount of time.
If you cannot read the numbers in the above image, reload the page to generate a new one. Metering data management system a system used in the recording and processing of data gathered from. Calibrate the sound level meter by vibrating table 4. Therefore, the principles of this guide are intended to be applicable to a broad spectrum of. The theory of the integrating sphere originates in the.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of usual energy meters. The testing voltage is usually 500, or 2500 v which is generated by the hand driven generator. Task 1 measurement of noise and vibrations by sound level meter. Sound level meter sound level meter in a working process excessive noise at the enterprises and the environment may have very grave results and influence the health of the workers hearing loss. The operations of this useful laboratory instrument is based on the familiar. When used in electricity retailing, the utilities record the values measured by these meters to generate an invoice for the electricity. Principles of interference microscopy for the measurement of surface. Turbine flow meter working principle turbine flow meter is a volumetric measuring turbine type. Overview of flowmeter models matheson offers a complete line of variable area flowmeters to meet your application requirements.
In this article discussed about pump basic formulas with examples like pump power calculation formula, specific speed of centrifugal pump and affinity laws for centrifugal and displacement pumps. What is the basic working principle of tri vector meter. Lux meters, sometimes called light meters, measure the intensity of illumination as distinguished by the human eye. Two nonreturn valves 3,4 prevent one gas from returning to the supply line of the other gas. Principle of working of abt meter the cpu central processing units only accepts digital signals. By using these three phase meters, it is also possible to measure high voltages and currents by using appropriate transducers.
Measure octave band spectra of grinding machine and transmission. As described here, white light interferometry is a noncontact optical method for surface height. Coriolis mass flow meter working principle coriolis flowmeter. Interferometry makes use of the wave superposition principle to combine waves in a way that. What is an energy meter and what are the basic types of. The price movement graph shows the extent and direction of price movement since the beginning of selected time period until. It is used in domestic and industrial ac circuit for measuring the power consumption. Basic theory of clamp meter to measure rms of current wave. Power factor meters electrodynamometer type power factor. The main goals of lte is to increase the capacity and data rates of wireless data networks, improve spectrum efficiency, improve coverage, reduced latency and packetoptimized system that. As a rule it goes about the 8 hours duration of the standard working day. A gas meter is a specialized flow meter that can measure the volume of fuel gases such as propane and natural gas. There are legal limits which indicate that maximum point which the sound must not exceed. The meter body has a set of blades welded at the inlet, called the swirler.
The work performed by the pump is equal to the weight of liquid pumped in unit time. A simple capacitive power supply for the msp430 energy meter appropriate values of resistor r22 and capacitor c49 are chosen based on the required output current drive of the power supply. Given the wide range of possible approaches to noe measurement, there is a need to identify and. By implementing the watthour meter, we can know how much amount of electrical energy is used by a consumer or a residence or an electrically powered. The numerical aperture na of an optical fiber is used. Working principle of a q meter, electrical engineering. Evaluation of measurement data guide to the expression of. Why we do not directly calculate power factor in an ac circuit just by dividing the power with product of current and voltage because these readings can. In the release condition, pulse output potential is equal to 0. Measure third octave band analysis of the source of noise in the given position 3. These blades impart a tangential velocity or swirl to liquids, gases or vapors. Inductance and capacitance measurements c voltage source r ac amplifier ac voltmeter 22 2 2 1 2 in in c rv rv aa rx r.
Click upload and select files from your local computer. Construction and principle of operation single phase. Integrating sphere theory and applications labsphere. The most common type is more properly known as a kilowatthour meter or a joule meter. What i have in mind is that wire creates the changing flux that induces voltage in the meter.
Taking into account the requirements of the meter, two. Turbine flow meter working principle instrumentationtools. What is the solution for the drawbacks of commonly used energy meters. It was developed at boonton radio corporation in boonton, new jersey in 1934 by william d. The voltage between two positions a and b, solid electrical conductors. This electronic meter does not possess any rotating parts, and the.
Electrical engineering assignment help, working principle of a q meter, q. Abt meters electrical substation analog to digital. The constant voltage is used for testing the insulation having low resistance. It has a rotating aluminium wheel called ferriwheel and many toothed wheels. Now resing process we first take resistance between. Depending on the sound level 80 db a, 85 db a or 87 db a strict measures of precaution should be taken to guarantee the protection of the workers. In all these processes, accurate measurement of flow is the prerequisite. Coriolis mass flow meter working principle coriolis. An induc tor is connected to the q meter coil terminals and resonated at the mea surement frequency, the q and tuning. If the reading is calculated from the hourly data, it must be ensured that it matches with the readings displayed on the meter. Task 1 measurement of noise and vibrations by sound level. An induc tor is connected to the q meter coil terminals and resonated at the mea. Aug, 2006 an electric meter or energy meter is a device that measures the amount of electrical energy supplied to a residence or business. Basic hydraulic principles of openchannel flow by harvey e.
The aim of this project is to design a sample meter can accurately display real voltage. The meter has a wide range of applications from adhesives and coatings to liquid nitrogen. Megger working principle types history uses of megger. Lux meters light meters information engineering360. The electromechanical induction meter operates by counting the.
The architecture of lte network and working principle lte is a standard for wireless data communications technology and an evolution of the gsmumts standard. Prepaymentprepaid energy meter introduction and working. When there is mass flow, there is some twisting of the tubes. In order to accurately measure the electronic energy used for a electronic energy meter, suitable hardware and software have to be designed. The computational algorithm applies p v i in real time which is then tabulated over time to produce output in kilowatt hours. It is used everywhere, no matter how big or small consumption it is. Based on the flow of current, the ferriwheel rotates which makes rotation of other wheels. Calibrate or check the calibration of sound level meter 2.
A beam splitter separates the light into reference and measurement beams. When connected to loads, they consume less power and start measuring instantaneous. Qmeter we know that every inductor coil has a certain amount of resistance and the coil should have lowest possible resistance. As a rule it goes about the 8 hours duration of the standard working. This meter has extremely high accuracy but can also cause a high pressure drop. Special committees that follow and monitor the level of noise and its influence have been created in every country. Measurement of noise and vibrations by sound level meter 1. It consumes a small amount of power, typically around 2 watts. The electronic energy meter is also better protected against tampering than its mechanical predecessor, and units for prepaid operation e.
Basic working of a modern electronic energy meter as in the block diagram, the meter has a power supply, a metering engine, a processing and communication engine i. Dragging and dropping files to the page also works. Megger working principle is to generate high voltage and measure resistance at high voltage. Bookmarks are used in adobe acrobat to link a particular page or. Pump power calculation formula specific speed of a. Aug 10, 2010 energy meter works on the same principle as the induction motor. Voltage for testing produced by hand operated megger by rotation of crank in case of hand operated type, a battery is used for electronic tester. The number of revolutions is thus proportional to the energy usage. Interferometry makes use of the principle of superposition to combine waves.
Meanwhile, the problem of the distorted current waveform from loads need to be considered. A watthour meter requires a power supply provided from the three phase network itself. Abt meters electrical substation analog to digital converter. The arm through which fluid flows away from the axis of rotation. Guideline for use of fizeau interferometer in optical testing pdf. Here we discuss the construction and working principle of induction type energy meter. Jul 25, 2018 watthour meter is in fact a measuring device which can evaluate and records the electrical power passing through a circuit in a certain time. Handbook, a list of the principal national accounts aggregates and their typical data sources, and. Flowmeters are used in fluid systems liquid and gas to indicate the rate of flow of the fluid. The cpu processes these input signals for finding kva vi, kwh vi cos, rkva vi sin and other parameters. Also provided online calculator for pump power calculation.
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